Pharmaceutical cocrystals: from serendipity to design to application

Prodrugs--from serendipity to rational design.

The prodrug concept has been used to improve undesirable properties of drugs since the late 19th century, although it was only at the end of the 1950s that the actual term prodrug was introduced for the first time. Prodrugs are inactive, bioreversible derivatives of active drug molecules that must undergo an enzymatic and/or chemical transformation in vivo to release the active parent drug, whi...

Pharmaceutical Cocrystals: An Overview

In the last few years, a large number of drugs have been discovered with low aqueous solubility. Among these recently discovered drugs, about 60-70% of the compounds are related to the BCS Class II (low solubility/high permeability) and IV (low solubility/ low permeability)[1,2]. Many active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) have not been developed in formulations due to low aqueous solubility,...

Real-Time Kinematic Network of Tehran, from Design to Application

Following the request of the Tehran municipality and in order to provide the spatial information required in their various projects, a real-time kinematic network has been designed for Tehran. Based on the existing measures such as the dilution of precision at the network point positions, two different designs have been proposed. A minimum number of six GNSS stations are used in both of the pro...

Anticancer Drug Discovery — From Serendipity to Rational Design

Cancer is nowadays used as a generic term describing a group of about 120 different diseases, which can affect any part of the body and defined as the state characterized by the uncontrolled growth and invasion of normal tissues and spread of cells [1]. According to WHO reports cancer is a leading cause of premature death worldwide, accounting for 7.6 million deaths (around 13% of all deaths) o...

Towards more Efficient Screening of Pharmaceutical Cocrystals